Basic map

`` element identified by the *map* tag. * Maps are represented by the ``ol.Map`` class. We specify the DOM element to render the map into using the **target** property. * OpenLayers allows map rendering using three different mechanisms: Canvas, WebGL and DOM. Here we select *canvas* using the **renderer** property. * A map shows data contained within layers, so we have created a tiled layer, represented by the ``ol.layer.Tile`` class, that loads content from the OpenStreetMap project, using the ``ol.source.OSM`` source class. * Finally, we set the initial position of the *camera* using the ``ol.View`` class, set the initial zoom level and center location. Adding raster layers -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The most used raster layers are the tiled layers, provided by the likes of OpenStreetMap, MapQuest, Bing, etc. Tiled layers are represented by the ``ol.layer.Tile`` class and must use a source that knows how to load tiles from a given provider, like ``ol.source.OSM`` or ``ol.source.MapQuest``: .. code-block:: javascript var osm = new ol.layer.Tile({ source: new ol.source.OSM() }); var mq = new ol.layer.Tile({ source: new ol.source.MapQuest({ layer: 'osm' }) }); **Ex. 2:** Create raster layers Layers can be added to the map in two ways: 1. When constructing the ``ol.Map``, using the ``layers`` property: .. code-block:: javascript var map = new ol.Map({ ... layers: [osm, mq] ... }); **Ex. 3:** Adding layers on map initialization 2. Adding manually with the ``map.addLayer()`` method: .. code-block:: javascript map.addLayer(osm); map.addLayer(mq); **Ex. 4:** Adding layers manually Adding vector layers -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vector layers are represented by the ``ol.layer.Vector`` and must use a source suitable for reading the vector format, like ``ol.source.GeoJSON``, ``ol.source.KML`` or ``ol.source.TopoJSON``. .. code-block:: javascript var vectorLayer = new ol.layer.Vector({ source: new ol.source.GeoJSON({ url: 'url_to_geojson_file' }) }); **Ex. 5:** Constructing a GeoJSON vector layer .. image:: ../../images/screenshots/800x600/openlayers-vector.png :scale: 100 % Note, in the previous code we must change the ``url_to_file`` to point to a valid GeoJSON file placed in our server. Note that Javascript security will prevents sourcing of datasets from an external URL on a different domain. Features can also be created manually. In this case we need to create a geometry that represents the feature: .. code-block:: javascript // Geometries var point = new ol.geom.Point( ol.proj.transform([3,50], 'EPSG:4326', 'EPSG:3857') ); var circle = new ol.geom.Circle( ol.proj.transform([2.1833, 41.3833], 'EPSG:4326', 'EPSG:3857'), 1000000 ); // Features var pointFeature = new ol.Feature(point); var circleFeature = new ol.Feature(circle); // Source var vectorSource = new ol.source.Vector({ projection: 'EPSG:4326' }); vectorSource.addFeatures([pointFeature, circleFeature]); // Vector layer var vectorLayer = new ol.layer.Vector({ source: vectorSource }); **Ex. 6:** Adding features by hand Styling features -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Features within vector layers can be styled. The style is determined by a combination of fill, stroke, text and image, which are all optional. In addition, a style can be applied to a layer, which determines the style of all contained features, or to an individual feature. An style is represented by the ``ol.style.Style`` class which has properties to set the ``fill``, ``stroke``, ``text`` and ``image`` to be applied. The next example shows the World's administrative limits styled to use a green fill and stroke: .. image:: ../../images/screenshots/800x600/openlayers-styling.png :scale: 100 % .. code-block:: javascript var limitsLayer = new ol.layer.Vector({ source: new ol.source.StaticVector({ url: 'data/world_limits.json', format: new ol.format.TopoJSON(), projection: 'EPSG:3857' }), style: new ol.style.Style({ fill: new ol.style.Fill({ color: 'rgba(55, 155, 55, 0.3)' }), stroke: new ol.style.Stroke({ color: 'rgba(55, 155, 55, 0.8)', width: 1 }), image: new ol.style.Circle({ radius: 7, fill: new ol.style.Fill({ color: 'rgba(55, 155, 55, 0.5)', }) }) }) }); **Ex. 7:** Styling features In the code, we have loaded a TopoJSON file and styled it through the ``style`` property. We have set a ``fill`` and ``stroke``, required for lines and polygons, and an ``image`` (in this case a circle) used for point features. Working with events -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Most of the components, like map, layers or controls, trigger events to notify changes. For example we can be notified each time the mouse is moved over the map, when a feature is added to a vector layer, etc. Events can be easily registered on object with the ``on()`` method and unregistered with ``un()``. The next code registers an event on a map instance, and is notified each time the pointer is moved. Within the callback function we obtain the pointer coordinates and print in the browser console in two different projections. .. code-block:: javascript map.on('pointermove', function(event) { var coord3857 = event.coordinate; var coord4326 = ol.proj.transform(coord3857, 'EPSG:3857', 'EPSG:4326'); console.log(coord3857, coord4326); }); **Ex. 8:** Printing pointer position. What Next? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sometimes the quickest way to work out how OpenLayers works is to look at examples and its source code. You can find OpenLayers3 examples installed at: `http://localhost/openlayers/examples <../../openlayers/examples>`_.